German citizenship requirements in 2026
Updated 20 October 2026
Short answer: To become a German citizen you usually need 5 years of legal residence, German at level B1, the Einbürgerungstest (or LiD test with 17+), the ability to support yourself without Bürgergeld, a clean criminal record and a commitment to the free democratic basic order. The fee is €255 per adult. Since June 2024 you can keep your other citizenship. The 3-year fast track was abolished on 30 October 2025.
The main requirements
| Residence | 5 years of lawful, habitual residence in Germany |
|---|---|
| Residence status | A permanent or long-term right of residence (e.g. settlement permit, EU citizen, Blue Card, recognised refugee) |
| Language | German at level B1 (CEFR) |
| Knowledge test | Einbürgerungstest, or “Leben in Deutschland” test with at least 17 points |
| Income | You can support yourself and your family, generally without Bürgergeld or social assistance |
| Criminal record | No relevant convictions (larger fines or suspended sentences exclude you) |
| Commitment | Declaration of commitment to the free democratic basic order, including Germany’s historical responsibility, the protection of Jewish life and the ban on wars of aggression |
| Fee | €255 per adult; €51 for minors naturalised with a parent |
What changed recently?
- 27 June 2024: The reformed citizenship law came into force. Minimum residence dropped from 8 to 5 years, and dual citizenship is generally allowed.
- 30 October 2025: The “turbo” naturalisation after 3 years (for people with C1 German and special integration achievements) was abolished. Five years is now the minimum for everyone.
- Antisemitic, racist or other inhumane acts exclude naturalisation, and the commitment now explicitly includes the protection of Jewish life.
Dual citizenship
Germany no longer requires you to give up your current citizenship. Whether you keep it depends on the law of your home country - some countries take it away automatically when you become German. Check with your home country’s embassy before applying.
Processing time
It depends heavily on your city or district. Waiting times of 6 to 18 months - sometimes longer - are common. Submit a complete application with your test certificate and B1 certificate to avoid delays.
This page is general information, not legal advice. Your local naturalisation authority (Einbürgerungsbehörde) decides on your case.
Questions people ask
Can I become German after 3 years?
Not anymore. The 3-year fast track was abolished on 30 October 2025. The minimum residence period is now 5 years for everyone.
Can I keep my current passport?
Germany allows dual citizenship since 27 June 2024. Whether you can keep your current citizenship depends on your home country’s law.
How much does German citizenship cost?
The naturalisation fee is €255 per adult and usually €51 per child naturalised with a parent. The Einbürgerungstest costs another €25, and you also pay for your B1 language exam.